英検1級エッセイ問題に挑戦!

2019年度3回(2020年1月月実施)

● Write an essay on the given TOPIC.
● Give THREE reasons to support your answer.
● Structure: Introduction, main body, and conclusion
● Suggested length: 200-240 words
● Write your essay in the space provided on Side B of your answer sheet.
Any writing outside the space will not be graded.

TOPIC：Can renewable energy sources replace fossil fuels?

MODEL ANSWER

“Yes” Answer

　　In modern society, most energy comes from fossil fuels. Unfortunately, the burning of fossil fuels is contributing to climate change. It is only a matter of time before renewable energy replaces the burning of fossil fuels.

　　 Currently, the production costs of renewable energy are greater than the costs for fossil fuels. However, as renewable energy becomes more common, it is likely that production costs will become more reasonable. Also, if we factor in the huge costs of dealing with climate change, renewable energy is already the more sensible way to generate power.

　　It is also important to accept that there is a limited supply of fossil fuels. The earth’s population continues to increase. At the same time, the standard of living is rising in many countries that were once poor, which means the demand for energy will continue to grow. Obviously, the current model is not sustainable.

　　I would like to also mention public opinion. People want this change to happen. Greta Thunberg, only 17, is a Swedish environmental activist. Her campaigning to protect the environment has gained international recognition. Business and political leaders are being pressured to do more to fight climate change.

　　In conclusion, for the reasons mentioned above, I believe renewable energy sources can replace fossil fuels in the near future.

(214 words)

“No.” Answer

　　I do not think renewable sources of energy will be able to replace fossil fuels. My reasons are that fossil fuels are in abundant supply, and they produce energy more cheaply and more reliably than the alternative energy sources.

　　Although fossil fuels are not renewable, it seems that there are still large supplies available. And technology like fracking has allowed access to more fossil fuels. Technology improvements also help to allow more efficient production and usage of energy. One example is the more efficient engines used in cars, trains, ships and even jet aircraft.

　　Currently, the production costs of renewable energy are greater than the costs for fossil fuels. The expansion of solar power in Japan and biofuel in the United States both came about after the respective governments offered large subsidies. This is an even bigger problem for poorer countries that depend on energy for their economic growth. They will prefer the cheaper option, which is the use of fossil fuels.

　　A third issue is the reliability and availability of renewable energy. For example, solar power generation depends on sunshine. During Japan’s rainy season there wouldn’t be enough power available. Also, wind turbines cannot generate electricity if there is no wind.

　　I truly hope there is some new miracle technology that will allow us to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy. Nevertheless, the situation today makes me think that this cannot be done.

(234 words)